**ESSAY QUESTION ONE**

During the semester we looked at a number of court cases and legislative acts passed to remedy racial discrimination in the US from Slavery up until the Civil Rights Movement.  In the latter part of the semester, we began to explore racial inequality and disparities in the criminal justice system.  Both Chapter 3 of our text and the film The 13th  argue the present-day criminal justice system is the site contemporary forms of racial injustice.  For this essay, I would like you to identify some of the evidence (example: disparities in policing, courts,) that our text and the film argue is evidence of continued racial injustice.  As you identify them, discuss whether you agree or disagree with position that it is evidence of the continued presence of systemic racism in America, or whether they are, as we discussed, cases of individual choice, bias and “bad apples”.

the text used for this question is ( race , law and American society, 2nd edition)

**ESSAY QUESTION 2**

For essay two I would like you to read the bill

Emmett Till Antilynching Act – H.R.55 117th Congress (2021-2022) 

Part A of this essay question asks you to research and write about the history of the bill and its development. Part B asks you to research and write about the history and attempts of three earlier anti-lynching bills congress attempted to pass between 1920 and 1940 (mentioned in subsection 11 of the Emmett Till Act)

A. Please conduct some background research on the Emmett Till Act and provide a summary of its history – including who introduced it, and the political controversies surrounding the bills development and attempts as passage.

B. Research online the three older anti-lynching bill attempts made by congress mentioned in subsection 11 of the Emmet Till Act and provide a summary of each of these three prior attempts at anti-lynching legislation.  Include a discussion of the arguments the bills opponents  made in support of states rights and describe how the filibuster or threat of its use blocked the Senate from passing the bills